Hashimoto's Archives - Hudson Valley Chiropractic & Wellness

Hudson Valley: Help for your hypothyroid

January 11, 2016 by drchrista 1 Comment

Do these symptoms of a hypothyroid sound all too familiar? You’re tired all of the time. You’re hair is thinning or falling out and you don’t know how to make it stop. Despite dieting carefully and watching what you eat, you seem to continue to gain weight- and can’t ever get it off. You absolutely cannot go without a pair of big thick wool socks in the winter because your feet are cold all of the time. You experience brain fog that takes two or three cups of coffee to ‘fix’ and you wonder if that prescription anti-depressant is helping with that at all.

If you’re struggling with hypothyroidism, you’re not alone. And I want you to know that you’ve come to the right place. I work with patients like you everyday. I help them find relief from their hypothyroid symptoms beyond medication.

You see, there’s a couple of important things you need to know about hypothyroidism in order to get real relief from your symptoms.

You need more than just TSH measured to assess symptoms of a hypothyroid.

TSH simply measures the brain’s ability to stimulate the thyroid gland. However, to truly know what is causing an under-functioning thyroid, a full thyroid panel must be done and considered, including TSH, Total T4, Total T3, Free T4, Free T3, T3 Uptake, Reverse T3 and TPO antibodies. It is totally possible to have ‘normal’ TSH and still have hypothyroid symptoms! If T4 is normal for example, the brain will think there is plenty of thyroid hormone and not make as much TSH. But if there is inflammation in the body, which can inhibit the conversion of T4 to the active form T3, then not enough T3 can get into the cells where it has it’s effect. Thus, leading to signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, even though TSH and T4 are within normal ranges!

80% of hypothyroid cases in the U.S. are attributable to Hashimoto’s hypothyroid

Many cases of hypothyroidism in the U.S. are actually the result of an autoimmune disease that attacks and destroys the cells of thyroid gland. This results in a decreased ability to produce adequate thyroid hormone over time. These folks often have to keep increasing their dose of thyroid medication in order to feel normal. In others, the right dose for them seems to be all over the map, fluctuating frequently. The only way to confirm Hashimoto’s is to do a blood test for antibodies to the thyroid gland. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies are the most common, but Thyroglobulin antibodies may be present too.

Cases of Hashimoto’s hypothyroid are autoimmune diseases- the immune system needs to be addressed too!

The sad fact is that many hypothyroid patients are giving prescriptions for replacement hormone and told that’s it; that’s all they can do and they will be on the medications for life. However, there is so much more that can be done! Implementing an anti-inflammatory diet and beginning to balance the immune system can retard it’s attacks on the thyroid gland. Focusing on a nutritious diet that decreases the inflammation can also help with stubborn weight loss and even help to regrow thinning hair. More importantly, correcting the immune system imbalance early can help prevent other autoimmune disease from developing in the future.

If you’d like to read some indepth articles I’ve written about hypothyroid and Hashimoto’s, go here, here and here. You can also check out this short video.

If you live in the Hudson Valley, have hypothyroidism and want to learn about holistic solutions for your symptoms, I invite you to call my office and learn more about how I can help you. I offer a risk-free, complimentary 15 minute consultation so you learn about how I can help you. Call me today at 845-687-6387.

Why going ‘gluten-free’ is not enough

September 22, 2014 by drchrista Leave a Comment

Gluten-free is all the rage now with major restaurant chains offering gluten-free menus and even the smallest grocery stores having aisles dedicated to gluten-free products. With the proliferation of gluten-free offerings, one might be tempted to think we are making healthier choices.

This is not the case.

I remember when I first started working with Hashimoto’s patients. After delivering the news that their thyroid condition was in fact an autoimmune condition, I informed them that they needed to go gluten-free in order to prevent their bodies from making antibodies that attacked and destroyed their thyroid gland. Knowing that this can be quite a drastic change for some people, I tried to encourage them by reminding them that this was an opportunity to eat healthier by filling out their diets with vegetables instead of processed wheat products. What quickly became apparent though, is that people simply started swapping their processed wheat products for processed gluten-free products.

Let me be plain: Gluten-free foods are NOT health foods.

Gluten-free products are highly processed. It takes the marvels of modern machinery to make something made of rice flour to not taste gritty and chalky.
Gluten-free foods are high in sugar. What’s the best way to cover-up that chalky taste? Sugar. Lots of it!
Gluten-free foods are terrible for blood sugar regulation. Another way to improve the taste & texture of a gluten-free food, besides adding a lot of sugar, is to using highly refined starches like cornstarch, potato starch & tapioca starch. These are very fine powders that are often a solution to that ‘gritty’ texture of rice flour. The problem is that they are so refined, there is nothing to digest and their carbohydrate content hits the bloodstream very quickly, provoking an insulin spike. This is very hard on the pancreas and is the same mechanism that leads to the development of Type II diabetes.
Gluten-free foods use refined vegetable oils. Fats are another way to cover up the chalky taste & texture. This wouldn’t be so problematic if we were using heat-stable, traditional fats like coconut oil or butter. However, most refined foods have refined fats in them like canola and soybean oil. These oils are not stable at high temperatures and have gone through a complex treatment process to deodorize and clean them before they are even sold to you. Why would they have to go through this process? Because they are so delicate, they become rancid just going through the extraction process. They have to be cleansed and deodorized or they would be too disgusting to eat. While the smell may be gone, the artery-destroying free radicals and inflammation-promoting omega 6 fats are not. Avoid these.
Gluten-free foods are not a good source of nutrients. This is a problem with any processed food. Processing removes and/or destroys the nutrient content. The more highly processed, the more of the nutrients that have been destroyed. Compared to vegetables, grains aren’t that great a source of nutrients to begin with. Refining them further into flours and even starches, removes what little there was to begin with. If health is really your goal, its best to swap out gluten-free wanna-be foods for real, whole foods that are naturally gluten-free. Like vegetables 🙂

It’s for the above reasons that I started recommending a Paleo-type diet when I need my patients to go gluten-free. Paleo is about whole, real foods. It’s also about healing the gut. Because here’s the other thing I began to notice when my patients just started swapping their processed wheat products for gluten-free processed products: they started developing sensitivities to other grain products- particularly the ones that they started consuming more often in the processed gluten-free foods. In the scientific literature this is known as ‘cross-reactivity.’ This occurred because the underlying problem- often a leaky gut- was not fully healed by simply switching to a ‘gluten-free’ diet.

I also noticed this pattern in my Celiac patients. Their symptoms greatly improved on a gluten-free diet, but they still didn’t feel fully well or healthy until they started eating more whole foods and less processed food. Again, years and years of irritation and inflammation in the gut could not be fixed simply by going gluten-free. All grains needed to be eliminated and more nutrient-dense foods like vegetables and bone broth needed to be added.

If a product has to be labeled ‘gluten-free,’ its probably not healthy for you. If health is truly your goal, you would be better off investing in naturally gluten-free foods like animal products, vegetables, fruits and nuts.

Hashimoto’s hypothyroid & diet

April 28, 2014 by drchrista 1 Comment

For more information about what do if you have been diagnosed with hypothyroid or if you suspect your may suffer from hypothyroidism, check out these related articles:

5 things you should know if you’ve been diagnosed with hypothyroidism

How you can have hypothyroid symptoms with a perfectly ‘normal’ thyroid

The Effects of Hashimoto’s and Hypothyroidism on Brain Health

How you can have hypothyroid symptoms with a perfectly ‘normal’ thyroid

October 21, 2013 by drchrista 2 Comments

You’re tired & cold all the time. You feel exhausted no matter how much sleep you get. You have to drag yourself out of bed every morning or you seem to get every cold going around. Your hair seems to be falling out more and more and just looking at food seems to be enough to gain weight. Worst of all, you’re frustrated. You know something is not right, but every time you go to the doctor they tell you your TSH is normal, so it just can’t be your thyroid. And yet, whenever you search on the web for what may be causing your symptoms, or talk to a friend about them, that is exactly what seems to be problem. How do you get help? How do you get someone to listen to you, to believe you?

First let me start by saying, you are not alone and you are not crazy. You really can have all the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism while still having a perfectly normal TSH level. In this article, I’m going to explain exactly how and why. It’s going to a get a little technical in spots, but just hang in there. At the end, we’ll talk about what tests you can ask for to confirm hypothyroidism and where you can get help if your doctor doesn’t seem to know what to do.

First the technical stuff….

TSH stands for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and it is a hormone actually secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain. Its job is to stimulate the thyroid gland, so when thyroid output is low, TSH increases to give it a kick in the pants, so to speak. Increased TSH is classically how hypothyroidism is determined.

But this isn’t the only way to determine hypothyroidism. This is because there are several factors that determine the ability to make thyroid hormone and distribute it to each individual cell.

TPO Antibodies– Presence of these antibodies indicates an autoimmune mechanism- Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroid. Since TPO is the enzyme that sticks iodine atoms on the tyrosine molecule, thereby making T4, the antibodies can inhibit the ability of the thyroid gland to make T4. Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroid is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the U.S.
T4 to T3 conversion– Even though close to 85% of the thyroid’s production is T4, the active form of thyroid hormone is T3. So in order for the cells to get enough thyroid hormone, it has to be converted to T3. This conversion process is mediated by bacteria in the gut, so leaky gut and gut dysbiosis can stymy the conversion. In this case, TSH and even T4 levels may be perfectly normal on a blood test.
Thyroid-binding globulins– Globulins are types of proteins in the body. Thyroid binding globulins are proteins that carry thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland to cells of the body. If these globulins hold on to too much thyroid hormone or hold it too tightly, it can’t get off at the cell, where it needs to have its effect. This can be measured via T3 uptake. It’s also important to know that relative levels of estrogen and testosterone can affect the amounts of thyroid-binding globulin. If there is estrogen dominance or testosterone deficiency, too much thyroid hormone can stay bound to thyroid-binding globulins and not have any effect on the cell.
SNPs in thyroid receptors– SNPs, pronounced “snips,” stands for single nucleotide polymorphisms. Basically, these are small changes in the DNA code for a protein that forms a receptor. Receptor proteins on a cell surface are like a lock in your door- they need a key with the correct shape to open the lock- and thereby the door. Thyroid hormone will act like a ‘key’ when it binds to its receptor. However, some people may inherit SNPs that change their lock, making the thyroid hormone ‘key’ useless. Thyroid hormone then cannot get into the cell where it directs metabolism.

So what is a full thyroid panel?

Given the scenarios outlined above, we can have several different mechanisms that lead to the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, without seeing an increase in TSH levels. In other words, you can have hypothyroidism even with a ‘normal’ TSH level. In order to determine where the actual problem is coming from then, its important to have a FULL thyroid panel done. What does a full thyroid panel include? Well, at the very minimum, it should include:

TSH
T4 (total and/or free)
T3 (total and/or free)
T3 Uptake
TPO Antibodies

If you think you are struggling with hypothyroidism, its best to work with a trained functional medicine practitioner who understands the different mechanisms outlined above. The good news is that with diet changes and smart supplementation, many of the symptoms of hypothyroidism can be managed. You can get your life back!

5 things you should know if you’ve been diagnosed with Hypothyroidism

July 19, 2013 by drchrista 1 Comment

In the U.S., the most common cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroid. It is estimated that this autoimmune disorder is the cause of 80-90% of hypothyroid cases. This means that in most cases of hypothyroidism, the health of the immune systems must be addressed in addition to the function of the thyroid gland itself!! If you are only taking thyroid medication, you’re missing the actual problem.
You can have all the symptoms of hypothyroidism and still have blood work that comes back as ‘normal.’ The lab ranges for ‘normal’ TSH are based on a statistical average and do not represent what is an optimal range for health and feeling good. It is quite common for people to have all the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism and yet, be told it can’t be that because their lab work is ‘normal.’ If this is your case, you should seek out a functional medicine doctor who can help you understand what is really going on with your thyroid gland.
You can have all the symptoms of hypothyroidism without anything being wrong with your thyroid gland itself. The thyroid gland doesn’t function in isolation. To begin with, it is controlled by the brain. The gland itself only makes thyroid hormone, which then has to travel to every cell in the body, enter that cell, and then travel into the nucleus of the cell where it has its effect. Just like a chain is only as strong as its weakest link, if there is a problem anywhere along the line, the whole process breaks down and results in the same symptoms. If you have hypothyroidism, you need to have a full thyroid panel done periodically, including TSH, T4, T3, T3 uptake and TPO antibodies at the very least.
Diet can be an important part of managing your symptoms. Especially if you do have Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroid, adoption of a gluten-free diet can have a big impact. Eating gluten actually causes more antibodies to be made to the thyroid tissue, causing more destruction of the gland over time. This can be a common reason why you have to keep upping the dosage of your thyroid medication. Eliminating gluten and adopting an anti-inflammatory diet can go a long way toward helping you keep your thyroid gland intact as well as managing your hypothyroid symptoms.
You can do more to take charge of your hypothyroidism other than just take another pill. While ditching the medication altogether may not be in the cards for you, by managing your immune system through proper diet and lifestyle changes, you can control your symptoms and slow the development of the disease. Using a more holistic strategy may also help prevent the future development of other autoimmune diseases.

Do you take Synthroid? Armour? Cytomel?

September 21, 2012 by drchrista 1 Comment

Synthroid is the 4th most prescribed medication in the United States, so there are probably many of you who said yes.

How do you feel???

Did you initially feel really great and then many of the symptoms- the tiredness, weight gain and irritability, crept back in?

Have you been bouncing back and forth between different medications and dosages trying to find the one that will relieve your symptoms and give you your life back? Have you found it yet?

If you haven’t, here’s something to consider: 90% of patients with hypothyroidism have a subset of hypothyroidism called Hashimoto’s Autoimmune Thyroid.

What’s that????

Hashimoto’s is a condition where the body makes antibodies to its own thyroid tissue. Your body for some reason thinks your thyroid is a foreign invader and needs to be destroyed.

Since Hashimoto’s in an immune problem and not a thyroid problem, thyroid-hormone replacement medications like Synthroid are a stop-gap measure, making up for the deficient thyroid hormone, but not addressing the immune system dysfunction that is causing the thyroid hormone to be low in the first place. This is why many people on these drugs bounce back & forth between different formulations & dosages, but don’t seem to get any lasting relief.

How do you know if you have Hashimoto’s? If you feel worse on bio-identical hormone formulations, like Armour, you may be making antibodies to your thyroid. Symptom-wise, a strong clue that you may have Hashimoto’s is if you have hyper AND hypothyroid symptoms. Do you sometimes have heart palpitations, insomnia, night sweats, nervousness or inward trembling and other times feel tired, sluggish, have cold hands & feet, gain weight easily, are constipated and feel depressed with lack of motivation?

A diagnosis of Hashimoto’s can also be confirmed with a blood test. If antibodies to the thyroid are found, this confirms a diagnosis of Hashimoto’s. However, because it is an immune disorder, the presence of antibodies depends on how well the immune system is functioning at the time of the blood test. It can sometimes take 2-3 tests over the course of a couple months to confirm the diagnosis of Hashimoto’s one way or the other.

Once Hashimoto’s is diagnosed, what can you do to feel better? Well the good news is that this condition can be managed well completely naturally. Stay tuned for my next article where I will talk about this in more detail.

The Effects of Hashimoto’s and hypothyroidism on brain health

September 19, 2012 by drchrista Leave a Comment

This is article written by a colleague, Dr. Datis Kharrazian, who has been doing brilliant research into the widespread effects of mistreated hypothyroidism.

February 17th, 2010 | Author: Dr. Datis Kharrazian

Do you need to take the Leaky Brain Challenge? Read on to find out.

The most disturbing thing I see in regards to Hashimoto’s is that although people’s TSH may be managed with thyroid hormones, their immune dysregulation goes unchecked. This leaves other areas of the body vulnerable to attack, the most profound being the brain.

There are three ways Hashimoto’s can affect the brain. First, many people with Hashimoto’s also have an autoimmune attack against their nervous system. On a blood test this can be identified by positive antibodies to neurological tissue. Second, unrelated to an autoimmune attack against the nervous system, the inflammatory response generated by Hashimoto’s can activate the brain’s immune system, hence promoting inflammation in the brain. Third, Hashimoto’s can lead to low thyroid hormones, which are necessary to dampen the brain inflammation caused by the previous two factors.

Depression, fatigue, and brain fog

It’s important to know that we all experience brain degeneration on an ongoing basis. A more common term for accelerated brain degeneration is simply known as aging. The trick is to prevent the brain from degenerating any faster than it has to.

Unfortunately, it is very common to see advanced brain degeneration in long-term, unresolved Hashimoto’s cases, with the most common symptoms being depression (from decreased firing of the frontal cortex), fatigue (from brain fatigue due to neurodegeneration), and brain fog (from brain inflammation).

True, these are also symptoms of hypothyroidism, but in some cases, particularly when the condition is long standing or still persistent despite successful management of thyroid levels, the impact of an unresolved thyroid condition on the brain should be investigated.

How Hashimoto’s affects the brain’s immune system

The brain is made up of two types of cells: neurons and microglia cells. Neurons are responsible for communication within the brain and everything we associate with brain activity, such as our intelligence, emotions, and the ability to automatically breathe, digest or maintain a heartbeat.

The microglia cells are the brain’s immune cells. It’s their job to react to foreign invaders, clean up debris and plaque, and dissolve dead neurons. The microgia are necessary for optimal neuronal communication and healthy brain function.

Although microglial cells function as the brain’s immune system, they are unlike the immune system in the rest of the body. When a virus or bacteria invades your body, the body’s immune system orchestrates a comlex and multi-faceted response, as described briefly in Chapter Three of my book. For instance, once an antigen (a foreign invader) is successfully dispatched, the immune system’s T-suppressor cells call off the attack and send the troops home.

Not so with the brain’s immune system. If an antigen makes its way into the brain, there is no complex orchestration, but rather an all-out assault by the brain’s microglial cells on the invader and, as a consequence, inflammation and degeneration of surrounding brain tissue. What’s worse is that there are no T-suppressor cells to call off the attack, and the glial cells, in their unrestrained assault, create brain inflammation and chew up brain tissue in a degenerative cascade.

Hashimoto’s is a double whammy for the brain

Unfortunately, Hashimoto’s activates microglia cells in two ways. First, thyroid hormones are integral to brain health, and Hashimoto’s can lead to low thyroid hormone status. Thyroid hormones dampen overactivity of the microglial cells, thus preventing or slowing down this cascade that causes inflammation and degeneration in the brain.(1-8)

Second, the inflammatory response caused by Hashimoto’s increases the activity of the brain’s microglia cells, hence promoting brain inflammation.(9)

So failing to address the autoimmune attacks of Hashimoto’s is a double whammy on the brain — the inflammation caused by Hashimoto’s increases microglial activity, while low thyroid hormone status fails to adequately dampen the microglial cells.

The effect of Hashimoto’s on the blood-brain barrier

The microglia cells not only make up more than half of the total mass of the brain, but they also make up the blood-brain barrier, a thin barrier that lines the brain and allows necessary, nano-sized substances to pass through. The blood-brain barrier is important for keeping antigens (foreign invaders, such as viruses or bacteria) and environmental toxins out of the brain.

Unfortunately, the blood-brain barrier can develop “leaks” for a variety of reasons, including poor blood-sugar stability (particularly insulin resistance),(10) chronic stress,(11) chronic inflammation,(12) poor gut health, poor diet with unhealthy fats,(13) and unchecked autoimmune activity, such as Hashimoto’s disease (alcohol and high homocysteine are other recognized factors(14-16)). If you are familiar with leaky gut, as discussed in the book, then you’ll understand leaky brain, as both the gut and the brain are immune barriers vulnerable to the same problems.

When the blood-brain barrier develops leaks, bad guys get in, the microglial cells go nuts, and a whole lot of brain tissue gets chewed up. This creates inflammation, which in felt in some as “brain fog,” and leads to accelerated brain degeneration.

The Leaky Brain Challenge

How do you know if your blood-brain barrier is leaky? A simple and easy way to find out is to do Blood-Brain Barrier Challenge. To do this, simply take 1000 mg of straight GABA (not GABA precursors such as theanine).

GABA is a neurotransmitter synthesized in the brain and is responsible for calming or inhibiting over activity. Although some companies sell GABA supplements, the reality is the GABA molecule is too large to pass through an intact blood-brain barrier. The fact that this supplement sells so well is a testament to the integrity of the average American’s blood-brain barrier.

So, if several hours after taking 1000 mg of GABA, you feel calm, relaxed or sleepy, you know that GABA, a molecule too large to pass through the blood-brain barrier, has nevertheless made it into your brain and is performing its calming duties. This means your blood-brain barrier has become compromised and your brain is highly susceptible to the immune rampages I discussed above.

Some people, instead of feeling relaxed, will find GABA makes them feel more anxious or jittery. There are other reasons for this that will be discussed in my next book, however any reaction at all indicates a leaky brain barrier.

If you felt no change after taking GABA, that is a good sign that your blood-brain barrier is intact and functioning well. (For accurate results, be sure to take this test during the day and not at bedtime.)

What to do about a leaky brain barrier

Addressing the areas that helped cause a permeable blood-brain barrier is the best place to start if you want to restore integrity. First make sure your diet is strictly void of gluten. Then do an Elimination/Provocation diet, as explained in my book, to determine whether other foods, such as dairy or eggs, are also provoking the immune system.

Continue on with the other strategies explained in the book: Balancing blood sugar, addressing gut health and gut infections, and supporting adrenal health so your adrenal hormones are neither too high or too low. All of these will help quench inflammation, a notorious saboteur of brain health. Also, ask your practitioner about the supplements I have created specifically for blood-brain barrier integrity, brain inflammation and increased blood flow to the brain (which will be discussed in my next book). Other strategies include enhancing the liver’s methylation pathway (Chapter Eight of the thyroid book) and supplementing with alpha-lipoic acid.

Modulating your autoimmune disease is a vital step to protecting the integrity of your blood-brain barrier and the health of your brain. The longer Hashimoto’s or any autoimmune disease goes on unchecked, the more vulnerable your brain is to autoimmune disease, degeneration, and inflammation.

References

1 Pumirat J. Prog Neurobiol. 1992;39:281-294.

2 Limr FRS, et al. J Endocrinol. 1997;154:161-175.

3 Gomes FCA, et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997;429:99-108.

4 Mallet M, et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997;429:99-108.

5 Dobbertin A, et al. J Neuroscie. 1997;17:5305-5315.

6 Bernal J, et al. Thyroid hormones and brain development. Eur J Endocrinol;133:390-398.

7 Calza L, et al. Thyroid hormone-induced plasticity in the adult rat brain. Brain Res Bull. 1997;44(4):549-57.

8 Flavin RSL, et al. Regulation of microglial development: A novel role for thyroid hormones. The Journal of Neuroscience. 2001;21(6):2028-2038.

9 Flavin RSL, et al. Regulation of microglial development: A novel role for thyroid hormones. The Journal of Neuroscience. 2001;21(6):2028-2038

10 Kamada H et al. Influence of hyperglycemia on oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activation after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Stroke. 2007;38:1022-1049.

11 Espositie, P, et al. Acute stress increases permeability of the blood-brain barrier through activation of brain mast cells. Brain Research. 2001;888(1):117-127.

12 Haroh J, et al. Oxidative stress activates protein tyrosine kinase and matrix metalloproteinases leading to blood-brain barrier dysfunction. J neurochem. 2007;22(1).

13 Jali C, et al. Cyclooxygenase inhibition limits blood-brain barrier diruption following intracerebral injection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the rat. JPET. 2007;323(2):488-498.

14 Haorah J, et al. Alcohol0induced oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells causes blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2005;78:1223-1232.

15 Atul F, et al. Elevated levels of homocysteine compromise blood-brain barrier integrity in mice. Blood. 2005.

16 Homocysteine attenuates blood-brain barrier function by inducing oxidative stress and the junctional proteins. FASEB. 2008;22:734-7.

Hudson Valley: Help for your hypothyroid

You need more than just TSH measured to assess symptoms of a hypothyroid.

80% of hypothyroid cases in the U.S. are attributable to Hashimoto’s hypothyroid

Cases of Hashimoto’s hypothyroid are autoimmune diseases- the immune system needs to be addressed too!

Why going ‘gluten-free’ is not enough

Hashimoto’s hypothyroid & diet

How you can have hypothyroid symptoms with a perfectly ‘normal’ thyroid

First the technical stuff….

So what is a full thyroid panel?

5 things you should know if you’ve been diagnosed with Hypothyroidism

Do you take Synthroid? Armour? Cytomel?

The Effects of Hashimoto’s and hypothyroidism on brain health

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